{"doc_desc":{"title":"LEDLL","idno":"DDI-MWI-MEIRU-LED-2018-v1","producers":[{"name":"Chifundo Kanjala","abbr":"CK","affiliation":"MEIRU","role":"Documentation planning and supervision"},{"name":"Elizabeth Munthali","abbr":"EM","affiliation":"MEIRU","role":"Metadata entry and editing"},{"name":"Estelle McLean","abbr":"EM","affiliation":"LSHTM","role":"Production of the documentation used to create this DDI document"}],"prod_date":"2020-09-03","version_statement":{"version":"Version1 (September 2020)"}},"study_desc":{"title_statement":{"idno":"MWI-MEIRU-LEDLILONGWE-2018-v1","title":"LED Lower Extremity Disease in Sub-Saharan Africa: Healthcare Development to prevent Limb Loss 2018 Lilongwe"},"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Prof. Amelia Crampin","affiliation":"London School of Hygein and Tropical Medicine"}],"oth_id":[{"name":"MEIRU Core datamanagement team","affiliation":"","email":"","role":""}],"production_statement":{"producers":[{"name":"Mrs Jullita Malava","abbr":"","affiliation":"Malawi Epidemiology Intervention Research unit","role":"Co-investigator "},{"name":"Dr Jonathan Chiwanda","abbr":"","affiliation":"NCD department, Ministry of Health ","role":"Co-investigator "},{"name":"Prof Eric Borgstein","abbr":"","affiliation":"Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital and College of Medicine, Malawi ","role":"Co-investigator "},{"name":"Prof Justine Davies","abbr":"","affiliation":"Global Health Unit, Birmingham, UK ","role":"Co-investigator "},{"name":"Miss Becky Sandford","abbr":"","affiliation":"King\u2019s Health Partners, Guy\u2019s and St Thomas Hospital, London UK ","role":"Co-investigator "},{"name":"Prof Rebecca Reynolds","abbr":"","affiliation":"Queens Medical Research institute, Edinburgh UK ","role":"Co-investigator "},{"name":"Dr Stephen Kasenda","abbr":"","affiliation":"Malawi Epidemiology Intervention Research unit","role":"Co-investigator "}],"prod_date":"2020-09-03","funding_agencies":[{"name":"King\u2019s Health Partners, Centre for Global Health","abbr":"","role":""},{"name":"Development Challenge Fund, King\u2019s College London, UK","abbr":"","role":""}]},"distribution_statement":{"depositor":[{"name":"","abbr":"","affiliation":"","uri":""}]},"series_statement":{"series_name":"Sample Survey"},"study_info":{"topics":[{"topic":"Humans","vocab":"MeSH","uri":""},{"topic":"Diabetic Foot","vocab":"MeSH","uri":""},{"topic":"Cross-Sectional Studies","vocab":"MeSH","uri":""},{"topic":"Risk Factors","vocab":"MeSH","uri":""},{"topic":"Prevalence","vocab":"MeSH","uri":""},{"topic":"Cardiovascular Diseases","vocab":"MeSH","uri":""},{"topic":"Noncommunicable Diseases","vocab":"MeSH","uri":""},{"topic":"Peripheral Arterial Disease","vocab":"MeSH","uri":""},{"topic":"Sedentary Behavior","vocab":"MeSH","uri":""},{"topic":"Cohort Studies","vocab":"MeSH","uri":""},{"topic":"Hyperlipidemias","vocab":"MeSH","uri":""},{"topic":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","vocab":"MeSH","uri":""},{"topic":"Malawi","vocab":"MeSH","uri":""}],"abstract":"There is a recognized and increasing burden of non-communicable disease affecting populations in sub-Saharan Africa and cardiovascular disease forms a large part of this health problem. Although coronary artery disease has been studied in this context, there has been little investigation of lower extremity disease (peripheral artery disease and diabetic foot disease) despite the associated risks of ulceration, gangrene, amputation with resulting disability and premature death amongst those affected. \nThis study was aimed at investigating those at most risk of lower extremity disease in order to identify those showing signs of disease who are not yet symptomatic, to gauge the burden of symptomatic disease, assess the contribution of risk factors for the condition, assess mortality from the condition, and capture access to appropriate healthcare facilities. The study also evaluated the most significant associated risk factors for lower extremity disease.\n\n\nThe study population was individuals from Area 25 in Lilongwe and Chilumba in Karonga with a combination of risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, smoking, obesity or hypercholesterolaemia) in the baseline study of non-communicable disease (NCD).  \n\n, In depth questionnaires and basic clinical measurements were used to ascertain presence of LED. Additional data on risk factors was gathered and data were linked to the original NCD survey. Participants who had died had cause of death ascertained through verbal autopsy (in Lilongwe this was carried out as part of the LED study, in Karonga these were already being carried out routinely as part of the DSS). \n\nNHSRC approval number: 2090","coll_dates":[{"start":"2019-01-04","end":"2019-06-12","cycle":""}],"nation":[{"name":"Malawi","abbreviation":"MWI"}],"analysis_unit":"Individual","universe":"The study population was adult individuals aged 25-80 years, from Area 25 in Lilongwe and Chilumba in Karonga with at least two cardiovascular disease risk factors (smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, age over 40 and HIV) in the baseline NCD study.","notes":"History of smoking tobacco\nPrevious medical history\nAccess to healthcare in the past 4 weeks and 3 months\nEdinburgh claudication questionnaire\nExamination of lower limb ulcers and amputations\nExamination of lower limb pulses\nMonofilament testing\nAnkle brachial pressure index"},"method":{"data_collection":{"data_collectors":[{"name":"Malawi Epidemiology and Intervention Research Unit","abbr":"MEIRU","role":"","affiliation":""}],"sampling_procedure":"A total of 829 people were visited, of whom 806 (97.2%) consented to be recruited","coll_mode":["Face-to-face [f2f]"],"sources":[{"name":"","origin":"","characteristics":""}]}},"data_access":{"dataset_availability":{"original_archive":"Lilongwe"},"dataset_use":{"contact":[{"name":"Malawi Epidemiology and Intervention Research Unit","affiliation":"","email":"","uri":""}],"conditions":"These data are made available for licensed access under the following conditions:\n\n1. Data and other material provided by MEIRU will not be redistributed or sold to other individuals, institutions or organisations without MEIRU's written agreement.\n\n2. In the case of multi-centre datasets, data originating from a single contributing member centre of the collaboration may not be analysed or reported on in isolation without the express permission of the member centre concerned.\n\n3. No attempt will be made to re-identify respondents, and there will be no use of the identity of any person or establishment discovered inadvertently. Any such discovery will be reported immediately to MEIRU.\n\n4. No attempt will be made to produce links between datasets provided by MEIRU or between MEIRU data and other datasets that could identify individuals.\n\n5. Any books, articles, conference papers, theses, dissertations, reports or other publications employing data obtained from MEIRU will cite the source, in line with the citation requirement provided with the dataset.\n\n6. An electronic copy of all publications based on the requested data will be sent to MEIRU."}}},"schematype":"survey"}